分类： cc

Author | Cheng Qian

Edit | Desert Shadow

Voice interaction has been played with new tricks? !

Wisdom reported on April 2nd that on Monday, Baidu released the industry’s first end-to-end speech language model based on new Cross-Attention, which has been launched online for free.

Summarize the newly upgraded essays with several key words: voice interaction.Ultra-realistic, ultra-low delay and ultra-low cost.

Super-fidelity refers to the fact that Wen Xiaoyan, equipped with a large phonetic language model, can understand Chongqing, Guangxi, Henan, Guangdong, Shandong and so onCharacteristic dialect can also realize emotional dialogue.; Ultra-low latency means that the waiting time of users can be reduced from the common 3-5 seconds in the industry toAbout 1 second, almost the same as talking to real people; Ultra-low cost means that in the voice question-and-answer scenario of telephone voice channel, the call cost is about lower than the industry average.50%-90%。

Jia Lei, chief architect of Baidu Voice, revealed that the model can be deployed on L20 card, and under the condition of meeting the delay requirement of voice interaction,The concurrency of dual L20 cards can be more than several hundred.. At present, the training process of speech language model is convenient, which can be realized by optimizing hundreds of cards in one week based on Wenxin model, and the optimization work itself is not complicated.

Compared with the application of big model in voice interaction scene, what is the uniqueness of this big model of voice language? How to reduce the call cost to 90% at the highest? How to interpret the innovation behind it? Zhi Dongxi had an in-depth exchange with Jia Lei, chief architect of Baidu Voice, trying to find the answers to these questions.

First, the real-life dialogue experience, the upgraded version of the text Xiaoyan voice interaction is more silky

The development of large-scale model in voice interaction scene is evolving towards a more natural, low-delay and highly realistic voice interaction experience. And this more anthropomorphic interactive experience, we get a glimpse of the embryonic form in the newly upgraded Wen Xiaoyan, which is equipped with an end-to-end phonetic language model and has become an emotional companion and all-round assistant.

First of all, Wen Xiaoyan has integrated information query including weather query, calendar query, unit conversion, stock price and so on.38 vertical assistantsIt can be seen that the efficiency of voice interaction is much higher than that of text interaction in these special scenarios.

Secondly, Wen Xiaoyan is rightProblems of timeliness and non-timelinessCan cope with encyclopedic inquiry, timely question and answer content of current political knowledge, and Wen Xiaoyan can search in real time, and follow the instructions accurately to reduce hallucinations; Non-timeliness issues such as common sense questions and answers are not a problem.

Finally, it is also the biggest difference between voice interaction and text. Wen Xiaoyan can be carried out with users.Emotional and natural communication, and can respond to feedback quickly, and realize realistic and anthropomorphic interaction effect.

Not much to say, let’s take a look at the actual effect of Wen Xiaoyan.

A major difficulty in speech recognition is dialect recognition. The pronunciation characteristics of dialects are rich and varied. The same dialect may have different pronunciations in different regions, and even the same word may have different pronunciations in different contexts. This makes it difficult for speech recognition system to accurately capture and analyze all pronunciation variants, which increases the difficulty of recognition. At present, Wen Xiaoyan has been able to deal with the characteristic dialects in Chongqing, Guangxi, Henan, Guangdong and Shandong. He can not only understand them, but also reply with the corresponding dialects.

Another major feature of voice communication is the need for multiple rounds of interaction. For example, in the following example, Wen Xiaoyan not only gives a method to distinguish budgerigars from different dimensions of adulthood and childhood, but also gives correct feedback in time when users interrupt to ask new questions.

Even if the reply contains many elements such as distinguishing the budgerigar’s sex and distinguishing from a certain fixed feature, Wen Xiaoyan gives a concise answer, and at the end reminds the user that he can record while observing.

In addition, human-computer interaction is often interrupted in the middle, such as the user gets the core information he wants or is not satisfied with the current output content, etc. When the user interrupts the voice playback to input, the voice recognition system may be mistaken because of environmental noise, unclear pronunciation of the user or confusion with the previous voice content.

In the face of children’s repeated interruptions, Wen Xiaoyan can accurately identify their needs of "changing a story", and when children say "Mom has already told it", they don’t automatically choose to change the story, but give an emotional reply in time to create an atmosphere of natural dialogue.

Wen Xiaoyan, an emotional interactive form, also extends its application to companion scenes in assistant scenes such as knowledge quiz. When the user mentioned "I’m in a bad mood", Wen Xiaoyan’s voice was worried and so on, and guided the user to tell the reason why he was in a bad mood and further enlighten him.

Second, brand-new cross-related attention, to create a very low training cost advantage

Different from the language model, the core difference of the phonetic language model is that it can produce emotion.

Jia Lei said that the text model only produces words, while the phonetic language model can have emotions. The key is two special links in the architectural diagram of the phonetic language model.TN Rhythm and Emotion Control of Personality and StyleThis is prepared for speech synthesis, which allows the big model to have the emotion of adapting the content while generating the answer, which is also the key innovation of Baidu’s end-to-end speech model.

Specifically, there are four key innovations.

First of all, this is released by Baidu.The industry’s first cross-modal speech language model based on Cross-Attention; The second is the model.Combining Encoder with speech recognition, the calculation of KV is reduced to 1/10.; The third isEncoder is combined with speech synthesis, and the output content can be controlled emotionally.; Finally,Efficient full query attention EALLQA, so that the KV cache is reduced to a few tenths.

On this basis, the model realizesIntegration of text recognition and text synthesis.On the basis of systematic end-to-end communication, these coupled technologies enable the model to realize a natural, realistic and emotional interactive experience on the basis of quick question and answer and quick understanding.

Jia Lei explained that the acoustic model is also a phonetic model, but usually large language models are connected by words. Therefore, in the process of integrating speech recognition and large language model, researchers share the process of Encoder and speech recognition in large language model to achieve the purpose of reducing the hard delay of speech interaction, and innovatively introduce cross-modal modeling, switching from Self-Attention to Cross-Attention, thus completing the integration of speech recognition and large language model.

Baidu proposes to use Cross-Attention to solve the cross-modal problem of speech and language. In this process, due to the speed limitation of the existing Attention technology in Cross-Attention speech language modeling, Baidu developed the EALLQA technology suitable for Cross-Attention, adopting implicit RNN two-level position coding, training MHA in 128 space, and inferring MQA in 512 space shared by all layers of the model, so as to achieveMake full use of limited training resources and reduce reasoning cost..

In the basic training of the model, Baidu uses self-distillation post-train the end-to-end speech language model of Cross-Attention based on the pre-training model of Self-Attention mature Wenxin language.

In fact,In speech model, the pressure of KV cache and KV calculation is much greater than that of text model.. Jia Lei explained that the essential difference between speech recognition and text model is that the first token at the beginning of a sentence determines the delay of speech recognition. For the large text model, users can wait for 2-3 seconds to give an answer after entering a paragraph of text, while in the large speech language model, users are less tolerant of reply delay, and they hope to hear the answer within 0.5-1 second.

On this basis, the end-to-end speech language model realizes low-cost training and low-cost high-speed reasoning. In addition, the speech language model also needs quick response and emotional response, which is the scene where another key technology is exerted.Streaming word-for-word LLM-driven multi-emotional speech synthesis. Jia Lei said that many rounds of continuous communication with emotion can make people want to continue communication.

Based on the streaming word-for-word method, its speech synthesis is to see one word jumping one word at a time, and the large model can help the speech synthesis to output the text normalized output, prosodic pause output and emotional output it needs, making the speech synthesis process flow like when people speak, and its adaptive emotional coverage can reach 17 kinds according to the text output.

In addition, there is a big pain point in speech recognition, which is that it can’t judge the starting point and ending point of the user’s speech, butLarge model blessing can make it analyze whether the user’s words have ended based on semantics.The semantics are incomplete and we need to wait.

Jia Lei further explained that,The activation of voice scenes requires extremely interactive cost, extremely fast delivery speed, intelligent and emotional humanized question and answer.. Baidu integrates speech recognition with large model to solve the problems of pre-fetching, hesitation, content understanding and quick question and answer, and integrates text synthesis with large model to output prosodic emotion needed in speech summation, thus solving the problems of context understanding and emotion control in synthesis. This makes the application potential of voice scene greatly improved.

Third, directly attack the difficulty of voice interaction, and enlarge Baidu’s end-to-end voice language model.

The continuous optimization of large model has significantly improved the robustness, naturalness and speaker similarity of speech, butThere are still many pain points in the previous technical path.This is why Baidu focuses on the end-to-end speech language model.

Compared with the communication between people, the response speed of large language model is slow, and users need to wait for a while to get a reply. In addition, voice communication is often accompanied by multiple rounds of dialogue and interaction, and it is extremely difficult for models to complete colloquial multiple rounds of interaction. Compared with texts, users use more scenes of voice interaction, and the surge of interaction will lead to the increase in the application cost of large-scale models, and the difficulty of large-scale application popularization will also increase.

On the traditional voice interaction route, it will be limited by the accurate response between contextual memory, noisy occasions, hesitant questions and interruptions.

Therefore, this has become a core contradiction in the field of voice interaction.The convenience of voice interaction determines its potential for large-scale application, and these pain points are hindering its popularization.Jia Lei believes that,The chemical reaction between speech and text is the key to find a breakthrough in a specific field in the future..

The appearance of phonetic language model is qualitative change, and its innovative synthesis technology makes the model not need to see the whole text of a sentence, but can synthesize a word by seeing the text of a word. On this basis, Baidu has excavated a unique application scenario. He gave an example. For example, when asking about the weather, users can quickly interrupt the next question when they get the temperature range of the weather. Its advantage is that the use cost of the model is greatly reduced, while the text model needs powerful hardware to achieve such efficient application, but the speech language model can achieve efficient concurrency with low-cost hardware.

At the same time, from the perspective of the whole voice interaction field, the accuracy of the speech recognition part of the large model has been greatly improved. Jia Lei believes that it is more a competition of speed, cost and answer accuracy.Cost reduction is the key to large-scale use of multimodal voice interaction..

Jia Lei said: "Cost reduction is the inevitable way of technological progress." The extremely low cost of Baidu’s speech language model means the possibility of large-scale industrialization. The landing application of AI is the core of the development of the model industry in 2025, and this model is the key to solving the speech problem.

Baidu’s accumulation in the field of speech recognition has a long history.

In 2018, the Deep Peak 2 model released by Baidu Voice broke through the traditional model that has been used for more than ten years, greatly improving the recognition accuracy in various scenarios. At the beginning of 2019, Baidu voice technology team announced the world’s first streaming multi-level truncated attention model SMLTA in the field of online voice, with a relative accuracy rate of 15%. In 2021, Baidu released the streaming truncated conformer modeling technology based on historical information abstraction-SMLTA 2, which solved the problems faced when the Transformer model was applied to online speech recognition tasks.

These technological innovations have been applied in many fields such as automobiles, consumer electronics and mobile phones. This time, in order to promote the large-scale application of speech language model, at present,Baidu has launched its online Xiaoyan and opened it for free, and plans to launch it on the open platform in April, and then it will be connected to call centers, speakers and other business lines..

Jia Lei mentioned: "Science may have national boundaries, but it has no corporate boundaries." Subsequently, Baidu opened the end-to-end speech language model, just to promote the application of the big language model in the speech field, which is conducive to the development of the whole industry and ecology.

Conclusion: Baidu’s phonetic language model is unsheathed, opening a new chapter with low cost and high efficiency.

Convenient, efficient, natural and friendly voice interaction, which is widely used in multiple scenes, is very important in the digital age. However, from the current actual effect, voice interaction has greatly improved in recognition accuracy, and now the competition focus of the industry is on its recognition speed, cost and accuracy of answers.

In this context, the release of Baidu’s end-to-end speech language model further broke through the cost, and proposed a new technical path, which pushed the industry competition of voice interaction to a new height. At the same time, Baidu will launch it on an open platform, which will accelerate the application and popularization of large models in voice interaction scenarios.

　　Original title: "Rock School": Rock is natural and unstoppable.

　　

　　"Rock School" stills

　　This is an unstoppable world, because we are shouting together! This cry is not only the chorus of all the characters in the play, but also the collective applause and release of the audience. The Broadway musical "Rock School" has once again made the Tianqiao Art Center Grand Theater a grand carnival for opera fans.

　　The play tells the story of Dewey, the frustrated hero, who accidentally got the opportunity to start the children’s nature by rock and roll. It mocked the rigid education and the stubborn utilitarian values, and returned life to its original appearance. It seems that children’s interpretation is actually a topic that adults should reflect on.

　　To be fair, as far as the plot is concerned, the musical "Rock School" is an old-fashioned story in American campus dramas and film and television works, and some logic is not reasonable. However, after andrew lloyd webber’s magical musical expression and the wonderful performances of many outstanding actors, especially the elvish young actors, it has become different. The value collision reflected in the play, although it is a cliche, still has a strong realistic criticism in the new interpretation.

　　However, it is not so much a work that criticizes the shortcomings and values, but rather a masterpiece that explains the spirit of rock and roll. What is rock and roll? Not venting, not rebellion, not paranoia, not yelling! It is in the predicament of modern civilization that it is difficult to break through, and it sends out the voice of human beings for freedom and self-liberation. In the play, the rigid pragmatic education, which blindly pursues the ivy league enrollment rate, is the spokesman for people’s self-suppression and even strangulation of nature. In the fierce competition of contemporary commercial society, a successful life seems to be a solidified standard in the form of "consensus", but it ignores and obliterates individual differences, and even ignores the most basic rights of human beings-that is, human nature originates from nature, and some people run like wild horses like liger, while others like to migrate freely like antelopes and fly casually like birds. And rock and roll is to break the classical tradition, re-recognize ourselves, and restore nature by shouting and releasing.

　　After decades of smelting, Weber’s music has reached an insurmountable peak. This peak is not only for others, but also means a challenge to oneself. Although this latest work failed to make the expected breakthrough, the lyricism, melody and harmony based on rock and roll are beautiful and smooth, and the characters’ music is vivid, which still exquisitely demonstrates what dramatic music is. The incisiveness of rock and roll did not affect Weber’s reappearance of lyric unique skills, especially children’s solo, duet and chorus. Almost every paragraph was intoxicating and constantly won the cheers of the audience. However, the most amazing thing about Weber’s music is that it is particularly suitable for the characters and the situation. It seems that every note comes naturally from the heart with the plot and is properly on the "point".

　　Each character has a distinctive musical personality, and he also takes the opportunity to skillfully quote and borrow famous music passages familiar to the audience to highlight his character, and even makes fun of his most classic work "Memories". In the first scene of the music classroom, Luo Lisha, the principal, played stiff and boring classical music with her singing the famous aria after midnight in the opera The Magic Flute. The gorgeous aria of the original is obviously difficult to complete in the vocal range where the role is second to that of the female, but it is deliberately and forcibly reluctant. When it comes to the high notes, it has to pretend to be casually embarrassed or lowered by eight degrees, exposing the workplace and psychological embarrassment of the characters struggling. On a date in a bar, Luo Lisha was designed by Dewey. In his memory, he poured out his heart in the form of voice-changing rock, which formed a strong contrast in music color and further demonstrated the deep significance of rock’s liberation of human nature and inner spirit. I especially appreciate Luo Lisha’s handling of the aria "Where’s Rock and Roll?". She deliberately broke through her mellow timbre, and expressed her role in a wild and unrestrained state with a "sub-roar" singing style, which was very energetic and characteristic.

　　In my opinion, the overall shaping of Luo Lisha, the principal, is the most successful adult role in the play. What she has done, distorted by performance standards, is a pervert under the jungle law of ruthless business society. I have to put on airs for it, spilling a few drops of innocence from time to time, and the difference between inner and outer makes it very funny and cute. In the end, she resolutely put all her eggs in one basket for the rock of her true love, and gave Dewey a kiss, which symbolized that rock and roll washed away all obstacles.

　　Of course, the biggest difference of this drama is the collective amazement of the young actors. Their performances, especially their talent in shaping different characters, are extremely infectious. Whether it’s Shamei, a little girl who is a "band manager" with "leadership potential", Billy who wants to be a maverick stylist, or Zach, a guitarist who is always despised by his father, Tommy, who is afraid to express himself as the lead singer in the end, Lawrence, a keyboard player who is not confident but eager to be recognized, Freddie, a cool drummer, Katie, harmony sisters Marcy and Solana, etc., each child’s personality, temperament and emotional expression are extremely vivid and true. In contrast, our kind of children’s "art education", which is particularly good at creating a false and innocent national standard, is really embarrassing.

　　When Dewey’s "trick" broke through and came home frustrated, the children comforted and encouraged him and inspired his fighting spirit again. This bridge, if put in an adult performance, must be vulgar. However, this group of children actually let the "vulgar" be diluted in the pure singing, and eliminated the shortcomings in the sincerity. Tomika blurted out a well-known American work "God-given Grace" in a hurry. Although it did not reach the ideal preset state, it had a star-like charm and magnetic timbre, which was really rare. The boy Zach said, "Dad, can you really listen to me for once?" The weak but firm voice strongly stopped the father who "imposed his unfulfilled ideals on his children" and sublimated the topic of his own destiny. The subsequent children’s rock "Don’t compromise" pushed the whole drama to a climax without expectation.

　　In the seemingly regrettable but not regrettable ending, the ultimate idea of the play is revealed through Dewey’s mouth: the hard work in life is not to get ahead, but to make yourself the best and most enjoyable in countless possibilities. Real rock and roll lies in a kind of spirit, an original driving force of life, which comes from blood and faith, unstoppable and uncompromising! (Cheng Hui)

The Beijing News (Reporter Chen Lin, Wu Tingting, Zhang Lu, Huang Zhecheng) There are many delicious foods in Beijing, but it is not easy to have a delicious breakfast anytime and anywhere. Recently, a "mobile dining car" appeared on the street of Beijing Financial Street, which attracted many people’s attention. From 7: 00 to 9: 30 in the morning, the "mobile dining car" sold traditional breakfasts and packages such as steamed stuffed buns, soybean milk and pancakes to solve the breakfast problems of surrounding white-collar workers and residents. The Beijing News reporter learned that this is the "mobile dining car" pilot of commercial convenience service facilities in Beijing after the "breakfast car" was clearly listed as "not encouraged".

　

The relevant person in charge of the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Commerce said that it is currently working with relevant departments to formulate the "rules of the game" for breakfast car 2.0. According to reports, in addition to the specific requirements for the hardware facilities of the "mobile dining car", the "exit mechanism" was put forward for the first time.

A mobile dining car is being piloted in Financial Street. Photography/Beijing News reporter Ning Wu

　

What is the operating status of the existing breakfast car? What do enterprises think of the new "mobile dining car"? The Beijing News reporter conducted a survey on this.

　

Visit 1

The subway station breakfast car does not "move" and covers an area all day.

　

According to a third-party survey, only about 20% of about 70,000 restaurants with complete licenses in Beijing operate breakfast. The "breakfast problem" has a long history, especially for office workers. After all, everyone needs to eat breakfast, but not everyone has the conditions and time to sit in a restaurant, so the mobile breakfast car is "just needed" for some citizens.

　

However, the reporter recently visited some crowded people in Beijing and found that many breakfast trucks currently in operation have lost the advantage of "mobility" and become occupied operations.

　

Recently, the reporter saw seven or eight customers waiting in line to buy breakfast next to the subway convenience car next to the E exit of Chongwenmen subway station in Dongcheng District. In the car, an egg-beaten hand-held cake was bubbling with oil on the iron plate. After a minute or two, the clerk added a sausage to the hand-held cake and handed it to a customer in a paper bag. Such a hand-grabbed cake with sausage and eggs costs 10 yuan. The convenience car also sells corn and sausage, which are sold in 5 yuan and 4 yuan respectively.

　

In Ciqikou Station, where Metro Line 5 and Line 7 transfer, and dongdan station, where Metro Line 1 and Line 5 transfer, the reporter found similar subway convenience cars. These convenience cars operate from about 6 am to evening, and the food sold in the morning generally includes porridge, soybean milk, eggs, hand-grabbed cakes, pancakes, steamed stuffed buns, corn and so on. A clerk told the reporter that these subway convenience cars are contracted by several companies, and special personnel are regularly sent to distribute ingredients.

　

At the Lishuiqiao Station of Metro Line 5, the reporter saw that there is a subway convenience car at the exit A and exit B of the station. The breakfast varieties sold include pancakes, hand-grabbed cakes, soy milk, sausages, etc., which are also operated all day. Ms. Zhang, who is buying breakfast, told reporters that she works near Ciqikou, and her daily commute time is about 1 hour, so she always solves breakfast before getting on the subway. "It’s quite convenient, but I’m a little tired of eating pancakes and hand-grabbed cakes. I hope I can add more varieties, such as porridge and steamed buns."

　

In the northwest, northeast and southeast corner of Guomao subway station, there is a subway convenience car, which operates from morning till night. Besides selling pancakes, steamed buns and porridge, there are also chewing gum and cigarettes.

Convenient breakfast car in the square at the entrance A of Jiulongshan Station on Metro Line 7 and Line 14. Photography/Beijing News reporter Ning Wu

　

Visit 2

Individual mobile breakfast trucks are worried about health. Merchants "sell one day is one day"

　

At 8 o’clock in the morning of April 28th, the reporter found a merchant who operated the "Golden Sanyuan" breakfast car in front of Wangjing Building. This breakfast truck mainly sells egg cakes and pancakes, as well as porridge, soybean milk, chicken chops, mineral water and drinks. The breakfast car is not big, and there are many packing boxes in it. The narrow space only allows one person to set up business in it. A piece of cake-filling code that has been branded is put aside, and the citizens who come to buy cakes are in an endless stream.

　

This breakfast car is located next to the bus stop in Huajiadi Beili, which is at the peak of work. Many passengers who get on and off the bus come here to buy breakfast. Ms. Guo, a citizen, told the reporter: "I usually don’t have time to make my own breakfast when I go to work. After getting off the bus, I buy a pancake or fill a cake in the breakfast car and make do with it."

　

However, the reporter noticed that the health of this breakfast car is worrying, its appearance has long been mottled, and the window that is tilted up looks dirty and greasy. There are also two foam boxes piled up behind the breakfast car, and the yellow tape wrapped outside is also stained with many stains.

　

"We started selling at 6 o’clock in the morning and closed at 9 o’clock." The merchant told the reporter that this breakfast car belongs to her aunt. "You ask me who will supervise it. I don’t know. I only know that I can’t sell it at 9 o’clock." For the future business, merchants seem to have no confidence. "Selling one day is one day, and it is estimated that they will have to withdraw soon. I think the city has been evacuated a lot, and there seems to be few Wangjing. "

　

There is a "Golden Sanyuan" convenience store at the entrance of Huajiadi Xili Community. Compared with the breakfast truck in front of Wangjing Building, this convenience store has a much larger area, and the food it sells is also egg-filled cakes, pancakes, drinks and porridge. Ms. Wu, a resident, told the reporter that in fact, in the early years, this convenience store did not sell ready-made food such as filling cakes. "Since my family moved to Wangjing in 2006, there has been this convenience store for at least 13 years this year. In the past, only packaged bread and biscuits were sold, but in summer, drinks and popsicles were sold more. It seems that it was only one or two years before I started selling cakes. "

　

Regarding the rent of the breakfast car and who will manage the operation, the young man who is planning a business in the store said: "Our boss is in Hebei, and I don’t know who will manage and how much the rent is. I also want to know where to rent this convenience store. I want to rent one myself."

　

Visit 3

Office workers who can’t afford to eat in the store prefer breakfast carts.

　

During the visit, many citizens told reporters that it was unrealistic to go to the store for breakfast because of the tight time in the morning, and they usually went to the subway station to buy it. Mr. Shao, a resident of Tiantongyuan, said that due to the tight time in the morning, breakfast can only be "eaten when eating" and occasionally go to the convenience car in front of the subway station.

　

The reporter saw at the junction of Xihuashi Street and Guorui North Road in Dongcheng District and at the junction of Xihuashi Street and Beiyangshikou Street that there were at least five breakfast shops on both sides of the street about 200 meters long. However, some citizens said that the subway convenience car is more convenient than the breakfast shop. Mr. Li, a citizen, took his girlfriend to the hospital near Chongwenmen subway station. Their breakfast was two hand-picked cakes bought from a convenience car. Mr. Li said that the breakfast shop is a little far from the subway station. When he is in a hurry to go to work, he usually buys breakfast at the convenience car. "I can buy breakfast on the way to the subway, so why bother to go to the breakfast shop?"

　

According to the investigation of the community business team in Beijing City Quadrant, it is the habit of many office workers to solve the breakfast problem in chain stores or convenience stores such as McDonald’s near the subway station. In the "Back to Heaven" area, a large number of office workers choose to buy breakfast at nearby traffic stations. Relying on traffic stations, it is the demand of many residents to lay out breakfast outlets on a large scale and form a certain aggregation effect.

　

The problem is that breakfast shops in Beijing are not evenly distributed. Zhang Xiyu, the person in charge of community business in Beijing City Quadrant, introduced that in July 2018, the city quadrant found that the breakfast outlets in Beijing were not only less than those in Shanghai, but also distributed in the east and west. Judging from the number of breakfast outlets per square kilometer, there are 24 in Dongcheng District, 19.4 in Xicheng District and 8.1 in Chaoyang District. Among the six districts in the city, the number of Dongcheng District is 6.3 times that of Fengtai District. From the perspective of population distribution density and regional functional planning, there are shortcomings in the layout of breakfast outlets in "Huitian" area, international trade, financial street, Shangdi, Yizhuang and other business districts and science and technology parks.

A mobile dining car is being piloted in Financial Street. Photography/Beijing News reporter Ning Wu

Investigation of CPPCC members

Tourists and unlicensed operators account for more than half of the breakfast market in Beijing.

　

"The breakfast market in Beijing is very large and the social demand is high, but someone needs to do it seriously." Hong Mingji, member of Beijing CPPCC and chief executive officer of Hexing Group Holdings Limited, said. According to his investigation, there are about 40,000 enterprises and individuals engaged in breakfast in the city, of which less than 5,000 are legally licensed and employ more than 20,000 people. Coupled with the early supply of school canteens, government agencies, hotels and business morning tea, the city’s daily breakfast supply is about 2 million people (excluding unlicensed tour operators), with a turnover of millions of yuan.

　

According to Hong BenQ’s survey, at present, the three modes of supply, namely, group stalls (tourists), breakfast shops and breakfast demonstration enterprises, account for the vast majority of the breakfast market in Beijing, with 58%, 18.5% and 14.5% of the service people respectively, and the market share of sales is 56%, 25.5% and 15.5% respectively. In other words, tourists, unlicensed operators and individuals who outsource breakfast account for more than 50% of the breakfast market.

　

Another current situation is that many formal enterprises that run breakfast are not optimistic and have no profit at all. This is because there are not many regular catering enterprises in the city, especially in crowded places, and tourists set up stalls wherever there are many people. Although it is convenient and cheap, the food hygiene problem is worrying.

　

At the "two sessions" in Beijing in 2018, Hong Mingji put forward the proposal of "cooperating with Beijing to ease the convenience of adding convenience parking spots for breakfast". "The government should give priority to the operation of chain catering enterprises that have the ability to distribute goods in a unified way, set up temporary breakfast car sales points in places with large crowds, and operate them at regular intervals, and also emphasize that breakfast cars’ cannot be outsourced or subletted’". Hong Mingji said.

　

Hong Mingji’s proposal has attracted the attention of relevant departments. Recently, Beijing’s newly launched commercial convenience service facility "mobile dining car" project began to be piloted in Beijing Financial Street. The pilot "mobile dining car" is a new energy vehicle, with a cost of nearly 700,000 yuan, solar refrigeration, an interior area of 6 square meters, self-contained water and electricity, sewage and garbage disposal facilities, and can be made on site.

　

The Beijing News reporter saw at the scene that the dining car is open from 7: 00 to 9: 30 in the morning. In addition to traditional breakfasts such as buns, soy milk and pancakes, there are also set meals. A cup of soybean milk, 4 yuan, and a meat steamed stuffed bun, 3 yuan, will be enough to eat around 10 yuan.

respond

Beijing Municipal Bureau of Commerce: Formulating the "Rules of the Game" of Breakfast Car Version 2.0.

　

According to the relevant person in charge of the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Commerce, Beijing is exploring ways to support brands and chain catering enterprises, set up standardized and safe mobile catering sales vehicles in communities and other places where convenient breakfast outlets are not perfect, and sell breakfast uniformly distributed by the central kitchen at a specified time and in a specified area. The person in charge admitted that the breakfast car 1.0 launched earlier in Beijing was indeed a "failure" because there was "no exit mechanism". At present, the breakfast car 2.0 to be promoted should first formulate technical specifications, "first formulate the rules of the game."

　

The above-mentioned person in charge did not disclose more details, but the Beijing News reporter learned from some chain catering enterprises that "new energy vehicles, water supply and drainage, and on-site production" are the basic requirements of the 2.0 version of the breakfast car.

　

Fu Jun, director of public affairs department of Beijing Yoshinoya, said that Yoshinoya has undertaken the operation of some new breakfast cars in Beijing. "The design of the mobile dining car is not limited to selling breakfast, but it can be operated all day," Fu Jun said. According to the idea, the dining car sells breakfast for two hours in crowded places during the morning rush hour, and at noon, it is evacuated to residential office buildings, tourist attractions or crowded places with imperfect supporting facilities to sell packages; At night, you can drive to the neighborhood to sell clean vegetables or simple meals. The service personnel in the car can recruit "4050" personnel nearby to do hourly work to solve the employment problem of some community residents.

　

However, some business leaders said that the cost of a breakfast car is hundreds of thousands of yuan, which is too high. Selling breakfast does not make money.

　

Liu Jingjing, Chairman of Jiahe Yipin, bluntly said that the price of breakfast should not be set too high, otherwise consumers would not accept it, so the profit is very thin, and it is difficult to make a profit by operating breakfast alone. Therefore, the breakfast car does not have to be made on the spot, and it can be delivered by the store. In the East Street Store in Zhanqian, Shunyi District, Jiahe Yipin, the reporter saw the breakfast car designed by the company itself, which will be moved to the subway station several hundred meters away for sale during the breakfast time. This breakfast car is a tricycle with a small counter, which provides packages for 6 yuan, 8 yuan and 10 yuan, and is delivered by the store. However, Liu Jingjing also said that this kind of breakfast car has not been approved by the government, so most of the cars can only be piled up in the warehouse.

Jiahe Yipin Breakfast Car in Shunyi. Photography/Beijing News reporter Ning Wu

　

background

Past lives of Beijing "Breakfast Car"

　

According to media reports, in September 2002, Beijing started the breakfast project, proposing to set up breakfast kiosks and breakfast carts in communities and streets where citizens gather, and designated catering enterprises will distribute breakfast uniformly, thus solving the problems of difficulty and unsanitary breakfast for Beijingers. In the end, five companies, Shougang Catering, Malan Lamian Noodles, Qianxihe Catering, Jackie Chan Huatian and Jin Sanyuan, won the bid and became breakfast distribution units. Beijing has set up more than 800 regular breakfast car (kiosk) outlets throughout the city.

　

A person in charge of a catering enterprise who asked not to be named said that the breakfast car of the winning enterprise was still based on "subcontracting operation", and finally it became a "couple’s shop". After that, the breakfast car continued to explode problems such as encroachment on public space, inadequate management and hidden dangers in food safety.

　

In 2009, Beijing launched a new round of bidding for breakfast demonstration project. In some media reports, the "elimination theory" of breakfast trucks appeared for the first time. Subsequently, the former Beijing Municipal Commission of Commerce came forward to refute the rumor, saying that in the future, it would adopt a variety of breakfast shop business models, and for some areas that did not meet the conditions for building stores and did not meet the urban development plan, it would continue to set up breakfast kiosks and breakfast carts.

　

In July, 2012, with the smooth development of the breakfast demonstration work, problems such as the difficulty in ensuring hygiene once again pushed the breakfast cart to the forefront. Both the common "eggshell" breakfast kiosk next to the subway station and the roadside breakfast cart for processing and making egg cakes were listed as "discouraged" breakfast formats.

　

Various districts have also started to clean up the informal breakfast trucks one after another, and stopped the approval of new roadside breakfast trucks and kiosks. According to media reports, from mid-July, 2015, Dongcheng District tried to remove 14 breakfast car outlets in Qianmen area and replace breakfast cars with surrounding fast food stores. Before the end of June 2016, 93 breakfast trucks in Dongcheng District were withdrawn and breakfast shops were used to provide breakfast for the public. As of August 2016, a total of 263 breakfast trucks have withdrawn from Dongcheng District and Xicheng District. According to media reports, since the second half of that year, the "retreat into the store" of breakfast cars has gradually expanded to the four districts of Chaohai Fengshi, and finally all breakfast cars in the city will be removed.

　

reporters’ notes

Some breakfast trucks in camp have changed hands many times, and the property rights are unknown.

　

The reporter saw the Golden Sanyuan Breakfast Car in Wangjing area, and its affiliated company was one of the five companies that initially won the bid for the Beijing Breakfast Project. It is understood that when Jin Sanyuan was brilliant, there were more than 350 breakfast trucks with a daily turnover of more than 100,000 yuan, but later it fell into a loss and was acquired by a company called Jiamingjia.

　

However, at present, there are still three gold breakfast carts in operation on the streets of Beijing. When asked about property rights, most of the operators are ignorant and have already changed hands. The reporter called the recruitment hotline and supervision telephone number on the "Jin Sanyuan" convenience store and found that both telephones were empty. Searching for "Beijing Jinsanyuan Sunshine Catering Co., Ltd." through Beijing Enterprise Credit Information Network, a total of 10 related information were found, all of which were breakfast kiosks of the company, located in Sanlitun, Nanmofang, Tuanjiehu, Jiuxianqiao, Asian Games Village, Heping Street, Anzhen and other places, of which five "Jinsanyuan" showed that their business licenses were revoked and the other five showed "opening".

　

As for why it was closed, the reporter found Mr. Li, the person in charge of Sanlitun Breakfast Pavilion. He told reporters that at the beginning of last year, he was informed that the breakfast kiosk occupied the road and did not meet the requirements, so he could not do it any more. The person in charge of another "Golden Sanyuan" in Sanlitun and the person in charge of Tuanjiehu Store also said that they closed the store for the same reason.

　

Judging from the operation time of these stores, they basically opened their stores from 2003 to 2004, and the latest one was established in 2010. Mr. Li introduced that at the beginning, he spent 30,000 yuan to "buy out" the breakfast car for business. At the beginning, the food of the breakfast car was uniformly distributed by Jin Sanyuan Sunshine Catering Co., Ltd., and he did not make breakfast himself. "Later, it seemed that Jin Sanyuan was yellow, and the distribution was broken." Mr. Li’s statement was recognized by several other operators.

　

Beijing News reporter Chen Lin Wu Tingting Zhang Lu Huang Zhecheng　

Photography Ning Wu editor ZhangChang Yu Yinproofread Liu Jun.

　　

　　

　　▍Asia’s largest baking studio closed down.

　　Interface news reported that the BEEPLUS LIFESTYLE Super Baking Workshop, the largest baking workshop in Asia and the largest bakery in Shenzhen, was closed in early December.

　　BEEPLUS LIFESTYLE was once regarded as an industry star comparable to Starbucks’ selected baking studio.

　　The baking workshop started business in January 2019. After half a year’s operation, the data showed that the single-day passenger flow of its store exceeded 20,000, and the unit price of a single customer was as high as 13,000 yuan. On average, more than 300 people registered as members every day.

　　▍Starbucks expects to open 600 new stores in China next year.

　　According to Zhitong Financial News, Starbucks said that it opened a record 259 stores in China in the fourth quarter, and it is expected to open 600 new stores in China in 2021. By the end of fiscal year 2022, the company will have 6,000 stores in China.

　　Starbucks said that the company currently operates in 83 markets, including one-third of international stores. By increasing partners, we can see new opportunities to release international business growth.

　　▍Every day, Youxian gets an investment of 2 billion yuan

　　Deep new consumption has learned that the community fresh retail platform has received a strategic investment of 2 billion yuan every day. This round of investment is led by a joint investment entity composed of Qingdao Guoxin, Sunshine Venture Capital and Qingdao Municipal Government Guidance Fund.

　　It is reported that this is by far the largest strategic investment of fresh e-commerce in the local area.

　　Daily Youxian was established in 2014 and developed into the head camp in the field of fresh e-commerce through the pre-warehouse model. According to its CFO Wang Jun, the company has achieved full profit by the end of 2019.

　　Since 2020, Youxian has received three funds every day, with a valuation of 20 billion yuan.

　　▍Blind box first stock market value exceeds 100 billion

　　POP MART, the first share of Blind Box, was listed on the main board of the Stock Exchange, rising 100% to HK$ 77.1, with a total market value of HK$ 106.5 billion.

　　According to the prospectus, in the first half of 2020, POP MART’s total revenue was 818 million yuan, up 50.5% from 543.4 million yuan in the same period of last year, and its net profit was 141 million yuan, up 24.7% from 113 million yuan in the same period of 2019.

　　As of June 30, 2020, POP MART has 3.6 million registered members.

　　

　　▍JD.COM reportedly bought FANCL for $1 billion.

　　According to Reuters news, JD.COM wants to bid for FANCL’s Asian business except Japanese for $1 billion, and Alibaba and Tencent have also shown interest in the brand.

　　About 80% of FANCL’s revenue in Asia comes from China.

　　Although the domestic no-additive market is not very mature, the sales data of FANCL in Shanghai show that the sales volume of its cleansing products has always been in the top three of beauty brands, and the skin care products have also remained in the top fifteen, which has a high product awareness and consumer recognition among all beauty brands without additive claims.

　　In addition, according to the report of Japan Times in early November, Gaochun Capital and Fosun Group in China are also studying FANCL, among which Gaochun Capital is considering a joint offer with Perfect Diary’s parent company, Yixian E-commerce.

　　▍The research of oral personal care brand Qing won millions of seed rounds of financing.

　　36Kr reported that the research of oral health care brand Qingzhi announced that it had won millions of seed rounds of financing, with Qingsong Fund as the investor and Mushi Capital as the exclusive financial advisor.

　　Founded in May 2020, Qingzhi Scientific Research has launched 12 SKUs, including bubble mouthwash, portable mouthwash and portable fresh spray. Among them, bubble mouthwash pill is an explosive product created by the brand.

　　▍Domestic maternal and child care brand Daikesi completed tens of millions of yuan in financing.

　　CBO News reported that domestic maternal and child care brand Dykesi Dexter has completed tens of millions of B-round financing, and this round of financing is for Xiangfeng to invest in China Fund.

　　According to the data, this is the third tens of millions of financing for Dykes this year. The first two times were Challenger Capital and Lafang Jahwa (603630, stock bar) in tens of millions of A+ round financing, Lafang Jahwa and Wuxi High-tech Zone Seed Fund in tens of millions of RMB A round financing.

　　Dykes brand was formally founded in June 2017. It is positioned as a natural, safe and effective care brand for China families. It is the first domestic brand to cut into the baby care market with "eczema care".

　　Since the company was founded in 2017 and officially launched in 2018, Dykos has achieved 5-10 times growth for three consecutive years.

　　▍Yuxi was exposed and withdrawn from the line.

　　Earlier, it was reported that Yuxi’s contract with dealers all over the country will not be renewed after it expires on December 31, 2020.

　　On December 10th, Yuxi Online Conference Officer announced the withdrawal of the cabinet, and will officially withdraw from the offline market in China on January 1st, 2021, and promised to give employees of direct marketing and third parties the opportunity of job transfer and interview and corresponding subsidies within the legal scope as soon as the end of December.

　　Yuxi is a domestic beauty brand established in 1992 and acquired by L ‘Oreal in 2004. It is the only local cosmetics brand in the high-end department of L ‘Oré al Group, and it is also one of the few high-end brands in L ‘Oré al Group that adopts the distributor system.

　　

　　▍Uniqlo announced the closure of Asia’s largest flagship store

　　Yiou. com reported that Uniqlo, a fast-moving Japanese giant, announced that it would close its Myeongdong store in Seoul, South Korea on January 31, 2021. In addition to Myeongdong Store, Uniqlo also plans to close eight stores including Lotte Store in Central Seoul this month.

　　Uniqlo settled in Myeong-dong, Seoul in November 2011, making it the second largest store in the world after new york.

　　On the opening day, sales once reached 2 billion won (about 12.05 million yuan), setting a record for the daily sales of a single clothing store in Korea.

　　Affected by the epidemic and the Korean people’s boycott of Japanese goods, Uniqlo’s revenue in the Korean market dropped by more than 50% year-on-year. So far, Uniqlo has closed 26 stores.

　　▍Well-known fashion brand I.T officially announced "privatization"

　　On December 6th, HKEx announced that I.T Ltd．, a well-known clothing brand, had agreed with Brooklyn Investment Ltd． on a privatization plan.

　　According to the plan, I.T Ltd was offered for privatization by the founder and CVC consortium, and the non-founder shares held by other shareholders will be cancelled at HK$ 3 per share, which requires a total of about HK$ 1.31 billion in cash.

　　I.T. said in the announcement that due to the severe market environment, the digital transformation of the retail industry, the outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic and the shrinking global tourism market, the company had to adjust its strategy.

　　

　　▍Suning Holdings pledged its equity to Taobao, saying it was a normal business cooperation.

　　On December 10th, Suning Holdings pledged the company’s equity to Taobao, with a total of 100,000 pledged shares, amounting to 1 billion yuan.

　　Suning Holding Group holds 371 million shares of Suning.cn (002024, Share Bar), with a shareholding ratio of 3.98%. Suning Real Estate is a real estate development enterprise under Suning Appliance. Qixinbao shows that Zhang Jindong is the major shareholder of Suning Real Estate, holding 81.25% of the shares.

　　Regarding the equity pledge, Suning responded to the reporter of national business daily (blog, Weibo), saying that the equity pledge is a normal business cooperation and has no substantial impact on the strategic development and normal operation of Suning.cn.

　　▍Gree launched the first 5G mobile phone: 146 units were sold in two days.

　　On December 7th, Gree’s first 5G mobile phone was quietly put on the shelves of Gree Mall and "Gree Dong Mingzhu Store" applet, with the price starting from 2699 yuan.

　　It is reported that Gree 5G mobile phone is not named after Gree mobile phone, but adopts the title of "Dasong 5G mobile phone". Up to now, the cumulative sales volume of four models of Gree Dasong 5G mobile phone in Gree Mall is 75, and the cumulative sales volume of "Gree Dong Mingzhu Store" applet is 71, with a total sales volume of 146.

　　▍Huawei Xiaomi entered Chengdu Vientiane City on the same day.

　　On December 6th, Huawei Chengdu flagship store and Xiaomi Home Chengdu flagship store opened in Vientiane City, chenghua district, Chengdu on the same day.

　　This is Huawei’s first flagship store in Southwest China and the third flagship store opened this year. In terms of product display, Huawei’s Chengdu flagship store follows five life scenes: smart office, smart home, sports health, smart travel and audio-visual entertainment.

　　As far as Xiaomi is concerned, the flagship store of Xiaomi Home in Chengdu is the 1000th store of Xiaomi, but it is also the first flagship store of Xiaomi Home in Southwest China. In 2017, Lei Jun said that he planned to open 1,000 millet homes in the next three years, and now this goal has been completed.

　　According to IDC data, in Q3 of 2020, the global shipments of Huawei Xiaomi smartphones ranked second and third respectively.

　　▍In 2020, the amount of air conditioning will double down.

　　According to the data of Aowei Cloud, it is estimated that the retail volume of air conditioners in China will be 51.2 million units in 2020, down 15.1% year-on-year, and the retail sales will be 154.3 billion yuan, down 22.0% year-on-year.

　　The offline market is particularly serious, with a retail volume of 24.61 million units, down 28.4% year-on-year. This year’s online market has also seen a decline in volume, with a retail volume of 26.59 million units, a year-on-year increase of 2.6%.

　　Aoweiyun. com predicts that in 2021, the retail volume of air-conditioning market in China will be 59.24 million units, up 15.7% year-on-year, and the retail sales will be 195.3 billion yuan, up 26.5% year-on-year.

　　

　　▍It will take 988 years for Xiao Huang to refund the deposit.

　　According to China Consumer News, in 2020, Xiao Sun and Xiao Xiao, students of Tsinghua University Law School, successively applied to the court to confirm that the arbitration agreement of Xiao Huangche was invalid, which was rejected on July 23rd and December 8th respectively.

　　On October 10th, I applied for the refund of the deposit for the small yellow car. By December 10th, there were 2,828 fewer people waiting in line, with an average of about 46 less people every day.

　　At this rate, it will take 360,772 days to digest the existing queue, which is about 988 years.

　　▍Homestay unicorn Airbnb listed

　　Airbnb, the global B&B short rent apartment booking platform, is officially listed and traded on NASDAQ.

　　The issue price of the stock is $68. Based on this calculation, Airbnb’s valuation will reach $47 billion (about RMB 300 billion), which is expected to become the largest IPO in the US market in 2020.

　　According to the prospectus, Airbnb’s revenue in the third quarter was $1.34 billion. Although it decreased by nearly 19% compared with $1.65 billion in the same period last year, its net profit reached $219 million, turning losses into profits.

　　Up to now, Airbnb has more than 4 million landlords and receives more than 800 million users from all over the world.

　　▍Nestle Asia’s first plant-based production line was put into production.

　　According to titanium media reports, Nestle announced that its first plant-based production line in Asia was officially completed and put into production and operation in Tianjin, and it will also launch the artificial meat brand Jiazhiyao for the first time in China market. The first batch of products include six models, including vegetarian spicy incense pot, vegetarian braised lion head and vegetarian braised pork. The price of each box is from 29 yuan to 39 yuan, and it will be sold in Tmall’s official flagship store and some box horse stores from late December.

　　It is understood that Nestle increased its capital by 730 million yuan in May this year to build four projects including plant-based product production lines in Tianjin. Among them, the newly added plant-based product production line project includes the construction of a plant-based product production line, as well as supporting raw material turnover warehouses and frozen turnover warehouses. The design capacity of the production line is 8,000 tons per year, which is also Nestle’s first artificial meat factory in Asia.

　　▍Tencent swept the top three in Chinese mainland’s game revenue list in November

　　According to App Annie’s data, in November, Tencent swept the top three in the revenue list of popular games in Chinese mainland. One month after its launch, the revenue of Tianya Mingyue Knife blessed by Gulong IP surpassed Peace Elite for the first time, ranking second in the revenue list.

　　Netease’s "A Chinese Odyssey" has returned to the top ten in the revenue list, along with the company’s game "Fantasy Westward Journey".

　　Compared with last month, the global game revenue list has not changed significantly. Genshin Impact, who just won the Best Game of the Year in the App Store and Google Play, ranks first in the revenue list.

　　

This article first appeared on WeChat WeChat official account: New Business Requirements. The content of the article belongs to the author’s personal opinion and does not represent Hexun.com’s position. Investors should operate accordingly, at their own risk.

　　BEIJING, Beijing, May 10 (Xinhua)-"44% of fraudulent short messages come from paragraph 170/171". In the past month, the serious problem of telecom fraud in paragraph 170/171 in virtual operator has aroused great public and official concern. “‘ 170/171’ Do you dare to answer the phone at the beginning? " Worried, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, after interviewing relevant enterprises, recently issued a document asking virtual operator to complete the work of re-registration of user identity information within one month. According to a survey conducted by a reporter from Zhongxin. com (WeChat WeChat official account: cns2012), at present, real-name registration system, virtual operator is facing a series of technical screening problems, and the phenomenon of non-real name sales still exists, but the real-name registration system degree of "170/171" has been improved.

　　No.170/171 Duan Cheng Telecom Fraud New Label Users are afraid to answer when they see "170/171"

　　Tencent’s mobile phone housekeeper security experts found through big data monitoring that "nearly 44% of fraudulent SMS messages came from virtual operator’s 170/171 paragraph." Behind this data is that paragraph 170/171 has become a new label of telecom fraud. In the daily monitoring, the Anti-telecom Fraud Center of Guangzhou Public Security Bureau found that the numbers starting with 170 and 171 have become high-risk telephones for telecom fraud.

　　In the past month, with the risk warnings issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the public security departments, as well as the media and WeChat friends circle’s reports and publicity on the fraudulent practices of paragraph 170/171, the public’s vigilance against paragraph 170/171 fraud has been greatly improved.

　　Mr. Chen, who is engaged in the publishing industry in Beijing, told the reporter of Zhongxin.com, "There are two friends around me who have been cheated by the fraudulent phone call in paragraph 170. Now I dare not answer the phone call in paragraph 170, let alone click to view the text message sent by paragraph 170."

　　"Excuse me, do you need a loan? Do you need to invest in financial management? … …” Through investigation, the reporter found that paragraph 170/171 was used by fraudsters and also by some enterprises for marketing, which became annoying phone calls and text messages for the public. Several Beijing taxi drivers and supermarket shopping aunts interviewed randomly by reporters all said, "Recently, the number of calls received from various investment and wealth management or some commodity promotion in paragraph 170 has increased significantly, and I don’t know how to know my number."

　　Fraud takes advantage of the victim’s greed and cheapness to pretend to be a special subsidy issued by the government.

　　According to the fraud alert data released by the Anti-telecom Fraud Center of Guangzhou Public Security Bureau last week, there were 93 telecom fraud alerts involving paragraph 170 last week, among which the most prominent fraud methods were pretending to be government departments to issue special subsidies and pretending to be teachers to say that children needed surgery fees for injuries. There were 87 cases of telecom fraud involving paragraph 171, of which 67% were fraudulent by sending short messages with Trojan links.

　　According to Zhongan Online, at 19 o’clock on April 25, Mr. Feng suddenly received a text message: "××××, your child’s performance at school has dropped. Please click the link below to check the score." Mr. Feng looked at the number that sent the short message. It was a number that started with 171 and belonged to Hefei. Mr. Feng casually clicked on the link attached to the short message, but I didn’t expect it to open. Not long after, the bank card bound by the mobile phone sent a reminder message saying that 2000 yuan in the card was taken away.

　　According to reports, the telecom fraud in paragraph 170/171, pretending to be a government department to issue special subsidies, pretending to be a teacher to say that children need surgery fees, credit card withdrawals, handling large credit cards, and neonatal subsidies, all take advantage of the victim’s greed for benefits.

　　The police reminded the general public that when receiving a phone call or text message at the beginning of such a number segment, they should verify the real identity of the other party, don’t click on the link in the text message easily, don’t transfer money or make online transactions casually according to the requirements of the other party, and install mobile phone security protection software as soon as possible to prevent being cheated.

　　When the official rectification is in progress, the real-name registration of section 170/171 should be completed before the end of May.

　　In fact, on April 7th, the Network Security Administration of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Information and Communication Development Department, and the Information and Communication Administration, together with the Beijing Communications Administration, urgently interviewed three mobile communication resale enterprises (virtual operator) that were not implemented in real-name registration system. The three companies are required to immediately conduct a comprehensive investigation on the development of the company’s real-name registration system and seriously carry out rectification.

　　On April 27th, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology further issued the Notice on Strengthening Standardized Management to Promote the Healthy Development of Mobile Communication Resale Business, further requiring resale enterprises, that is, virtual operator, to immediately carry out self-examination and self-correction, and complete the work of re-registration of user identity information for telephone numbers that were not registered in real name or falsely registered in the previous period within one month.

　　At the same time, the notice made it clear that resale enterprises should strengthen the supervision and management of entity and network agency channels, strictly enforce the access conditions of agency channels, distribute uniform signs for agency channels, and prohibit the signing agency channels from developing subordinate agents without authorization. If a resale enterprise goes through the network access formalities through physical marketing channels, it must verify and automatically enter the user identity information through the second-generation ID card identification equipment, and it is forbidden to manually enter the ID card information. If you go through the network access procedures, you should verify the user’s identity in strict accordance with the relevant requirements. Resale enterprises should establish a regular self-inspection system for real-name registration and increase the inspection of their own marketing and principal-agent channels.

　　Virtual operator: Rectifying and benefiting the development of the industry faces technical screening problems.

　　According to the public information of the domestic virtual operator platform, since April, most virtual operator have started self-examination and self-correction, and the real-name registration system situation of the virtual number segment has been improved to some extent. A president of virtual operator, who asked not to be named, told the reporter of Zhongxin.com on the 9th that the work in real-name registration system is related to the immediate interests of users and the healthy development of communication enterprises and industries. The company has raised the standards of rectification and further strengthened the implementation of the work in real-name registration system.

　　However, the process of strengthening real-name registration system in virtual operator is facing the difficult problem of technical means screening. According to an employee of a marketing department in virtual operator, the second-generation ID card reader distributed by the company to offline channel vendors has been cracked, and it is currently working with relevant enterprises and departments to make up for the leak.

　　When the reporter visited a newsstand selling virtual number segments in Beijing, the newsstand sales staff said that they could help to handle a virtual mobile phone number of segment 170 without issuing an ID card, and they could use other people’s ID card information to help. A person in virtual operator said that some vendors used other people’s ID card information in violation of regulations, taking advantage of the "One Certificate No.5" loophole. Virtual operator needs to strengthen the inspection of channels together, screen through technical means, identify users by telephone call back for verification, and clean up fraudulent numbers in time.

　　Real-name authentication from online sales channels is also difficult. Although some virtual operator online real-name registration systems are enabled, it is required to fill in the user’s real name and ID number, and upload the front, back and half-length photos of my second-generation ID card. However, according to the IT Times, some virtual operator registered with fake real names can still enter the order submission and payment process smoothly. In the whole process of online real-name authentication, we mainly rely on manual audit and express copy of ID card, and there will be more uncontrollable situations. Zou Xueyong, secretary-general of China virtual operator Industry Alliance, thinks that technical means of authentication, such as video face recognition, should be strengthened.

By 2025, there will basically be chain stores and logistics distribution centers in counties and counties-
Let the county business fire up.

County commerce will usher in rapid development. On May 19th, the State Council Press Office held a routine briefing on the State Council policy. Wang Bingnan, Vice Minister of Commerce, pointed out at the meeting that during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the county-level commercial construction will be implemented, and efforts will be made to establish and improve a rural commercial system with the county as the center, towns as the focus and villages as the foundation, and strive to basically realize the double promotion of farmers’ income and rural consumption in qualified areas by 2025.

Promote the construction of rural commercial system

During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the rural circulation work will present "four outstanding"-

Highlight the county as the starting point of work. There are 21,000 towns in China. At present, farmers’ consumption is mainly concentrated in towns. During the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the county was regarded as the entry point of rural commerce, including not only the traditional rural areas, but also the towns, in order to adapt to the actual situation of rural circulation and rural consumption, strengthen the central position of the county and give play to the important node function of the towns.

Highlight the two key points of sinking and ascending. Sinking means guiding urban production and circulation enterprises to the countryside, driving new products, new services, new technologies and new ideas to the countryside, and gradually narrowing the consumption gap between urban and rural areas, so that farmers can achieve the same level of consumption environment, the same quality of goods and the same standard of services as cities at their doorsteps. Upward, it is to promote agricultural products to enter the city, establish a closer connection between production and marketing, reduce circulation links, improve circulation efficiency, reduce circulation loss, cultivate agricultural products brands, increase farmers’ income, and let urban consumers obtain agricultural products with better quality and more reasonable prices.

Highlight the modern circulation system. To build a rural commercial system, we should put the quality of development in a prominent position and take the modern rural circulation system as the direction. By promoting informationization, standardization, intensification and standardization, coordinating the construction of software and hardware, filling the shortcomings of rural commerce, changing the backward face of rural commerce, improving the development level of rural commerce, and never engaging in low-level redundant construction and disorderly and unfair competition in rural commerce.

Highlight the double promotion of farmers’ income and rural consumption. Wang Bingnan pointed out that rural circulation connects production and consumption, and the consumption market at the township and village levels accounts for 38% of the total consumption market in China, which has great consumption potential. To improve the modern commercial system in rural areas, it is necessary to increase farmers’ income at the individual level, enhance farmers’ sense of acquisition and happiness, and expand rural consumption at the macro level to form a strong domestic market.

Improve farmers’ consumption ability

In recent years, with the steady improvement of farmers’ income level, the scale of rural consumption has been driven. In 2020, the retail sales of rural consumer goods reached 5.3 trillion yuan, an increase of 26.1% over 2015, which was faster than that of cities and towns for eight consecutive years. The trend of rural consumption upgrading is obvious. In 2020, the per capita consumption expenditure of education, culture, entertainment, transportation, communication and medical security of rural residents will increase by 35.1%, 58.3% and 67.6% respectively compared with 2015.

Liu Decheng, director of the Department of Circulation Development of the Ministry of Commerce, said that in the future, it will continue to increase farmers’ income, improve farmers’ spending power, and give farmers more sense of acquisition and happiness.

Improve the backbone network of agricultural products circulation. Based on the main producing areas, distribution centers and sales areas of agricultural products, we will improve the level of facilities construction and service functions in the primary processing, wholesale and retail of producing areas, promote the effective connection of circulation nodes, and improve the cross-regional production and marketing chain. Identify a number of national backbone agricultural products wholesale markets and backbone circulation enterprises to promote information interconnection and facilities sharing in all aspects of agricultural products production, transportation, warehousing and consumption, and enhance the level of agricultural products circulation serving agriculture.

Expand the coverage of e-commerce in rural areas. Strengthen the overall planning ability of county-level e-commerce public service centers, provide market development, resource docking and other services for e-commerce enterprises, family farms, farmers’ cooperatives and other subjects, and enhance the upward ability of e-commerce services for agricultural products. Reduce rural logistics costs, support postal services, express delivery, logistics, trade and circulation enterprises to carry out market-oriented cooperation, realize unified warehousing, sorting, transportation, distribution and collection, and actively develop unified warehousing and distribution.

Improve the commercialization processing capacity of agricultural products. Accelerate the filling of shortcomings in cold chain facilities of agricultural products, strengthen the cultivation of agricultural products brands, expand and extend the industrial chain, upgrade the value chain, and better promote the effective docking between small farmers and the big market.

Strengthen the long-term mechanism of production and marketing docking. Guide agricultural products circulation enterprises and new agricultural business entities to achieve accurate docking through the development of order agriculture, integration of production and marketing, equity cooperation and other modes. Organize various forms of production and marketing docking activities, encourage all localities to play the role of cooperation between the east and the west, counterpart support, county-enterprise cooperation and other mechanisms, and promote docking resources to focus on helping counties and poverty-stricken areas in rural revitalization.

Improve the rural consumption environment

Wang Bingnan introduced that there is an imbalance between urban and rural development in the current rural commercial field, which is manifested in the low level of rural commercial facilities, low quality of goods and services and poor market order. There are not only market reasons such as low willingness of market participants to enter rural areas, but also institutional factors such as weak supervision. In the next step, we will focus on upgrading in four aspects to greatly improve the rural consumption environment.

Facilities upgrade. In the county, we will focus on upgrading a number of comprehensive business service centers and logistics distribution centers to strengthen the county’s comprehensive business service capabilities. In towns and villages, we will focus on upgrading a number of business centers in towns and villages, increase life service functions, and promote the integration of shopping, entertainment and leisure. In the village, a number of "husband and wife shops" will be transformed and upgraded into new chain convenience stores, and businesses such as express delivery and distribution of agricultural products will be encouraged to be enriched according to local conditions.

Upgrade of goods and services. It is necessary to guide urban production and circulation enterprises to enter the rural market, extend the marketing network to the countryside, develop goods and services suitable for the rural market, and promote the upgrading. At the same time, we will develop rural tourism, folk customs, characteristic culture, leisure agriculture and other services to promote the integrated development of rural business travel, entertainment and sports.

Mode upgrading, namely "transformation" and "integration". Transformation is digital and intelligent transformation. On the one hand, we should vigorously develop rural e-commerce, further expand the coverage of rural e-commerce, focus on solving the "last mile" problem of rural online shopping, and strive to achieve full coverage of express outlets in all administrative villages in 3-5 years. On the other hand, it is necessary to promote traditional rural commercial enterprises to apply modern information technology on a large scale and upgrade their software and hardware. Convergence, that is, to promote the development of cross-border integration in function, and to superimpose functions such as "business+life service" to realize multi-function and multi-purpose in one network.

Regulatory upgrade. During the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period, we will give priority to standardizing the rural market order and strengthening market supervision, improve the linkage mechanism between urban and rural areas, strengthen source management, and severely crack down on illegal business practices such as the production and operation of fake and shoddy goods in rural areas. (Reporter Xu Peiyu)

On November 9, 2015, Cai Jiao [2015] No.448

Relevant ministries and commissions of the State Council, relevant directly affiliated institutions, finance departments (bureaus), education departments (bureaus, education committees), human resources and social security departments (bureaus) of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities under separate state planning, Finance Bureau, Education Bureau and Human Resources and Social Security Bureau of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps:

　　In accordance with the relevant requirements of the Vocational Education Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Decision of the State Council on Accelerating the Development of Modern Vocational Education (Guo Fa [2014] No.19), in order to promote the reform and development of secondary vocational education (hereinafter referred to as secondary vocational education), improve the overall funding level and talent training quality of secondary vocational schools (hereinafter referred to as secondary vocational schools), and promote secondary vocational schools to run their own characteristics and level, we hereby put forward the following opinions on establishing and improving the per capita funding system for secondary vocational schools.

　　I. Principles and objectives

　　(1) principles.

　　1 clear responsibilities, formulated in accordance with the law. According to the relevant legal requirements and the management system of "graded management, local priority, overall planning by the government and social participation" in secondary vocational education, the local government is the main body responsible for establishing and improving the per capita funding system for secondary vocational schools. The provincial level should make overall plans to promote the comprehensive establishment and improvement of the per capita funding system for public secondary vocational schools in this region. The central government guides all localities to establish and improve the per capita funding system for secondary vocational schools through the way of "replacing compensation with awards".

　　2 Multi-input and classified support. Adhere to government investment, give full play to the role of the market mechanism, actively guide social capital investment, and establish and improve a multi-input mechanism for the government, industries, enterprises and other social forces to raise funds according to law. On the basis of fairness, actively explore classified support, and implement differentiated funding for secondary vocational schools in different regions, different majors, different scales and different benefits to promote the overall improvement and sustainable development of school-running level.

　　3 Promote reform and highlight performance. Giving full play to the incentive-oriented role of financial funds, establishing and perfecting the per capita funding system in secondary vocational schools should be combined with promoting the innovation of talent training mode, adhering to the integration of production and education, school-enterprise cooperation, forming a mechanism of incentive compatibility, rewarding excellent students and supporting excellent students, and continuously improving the quality of talent training. To effectively improve the efficiency of the use of financial funds, establish and improve the per capita funding system in secondary vocational schools should be combined with strengthening performance management, and the performance concept and performance requirements should run through the whole process of the allocation and use of funds in secondary vocational education, reflecting the goal and result orientation, and accelerating the development of modern secondary vocational education.

　　(2) objectives.

　　By the end of 2016, all localities should establish and improve the per capita funding system for secondary vocational schools. In future years, we should actively take effective measures in combination with financial resources to continuously improve the level of per capita funding and gradually establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism for per capita funding standards.

　　By 2020, we will establish a diversified funding system for secondary vocational education that is compatible with the socialist market economic system and basically meets the needs of career development, and form a long-term funding mechanism with government input as the mainstay and the joint support of industries, enterprises and other social forces.

　　II. Scope and standards

　　(1) Scope.

　　All localities should establish and improve the per capita funding system for secondary vocational schools, which should cover all independent public secondary vocational schools (including general secondary schools, adult secondary schools, vocational high schools and technical schools) and secondary vocational classes affiliated to higher vocational colleges.

　　(2) standards.

　　All localities should, according to local economic and social development level, vocational education development planning, differences in professional running costs, financial situation and other factors, adjust measures to local conditions, scientifically and reasonably determine the average funding standard for secondary vocational schools (comprehensive quota standard or public funding quota standard), and gradually improve the funding level. At the same time, it is necessary to coordinate the per capita investment level of public secondary vocational schools and local private secondary vocational schools, as well as the per capita funding level of public higher vocational colleges.

　　In the process of establishing and perfecting the per capita funding system for secondary vocational schools, all localities should, on the basis of optimizing the distribution of secondary vocational education resources, comprehensively consider the factors such as the size of students and the cost of running a professional school, effectively embody the reform and performance orientation, implement differentiated per capita funding for secondary vocational schools, and promote the connotation development of secondary vocational schools. It is necessary to prevent problems such as eating from the same big pot and blindly expanding enrollment. It is necessary to tilt to schools with great reform, good school-running benefits, high employment quality and close cooperation between schools and enterprises, to schools with high management level, to majors that are urgently needed for local industrial transformation and upgrading, and to majors in hard industries such as agriculture, forestry, water, mineral oil, etc., so as to guide secondary vocational schools to rationally locate and run their own characteristics and levels.

　　Third, the job requirements

　　(1) Strengthen organizational leadership. The provincial finance, education, human resources and social security departments should implement their duties, improve their working mechanisms, and jointly promote the establishment and improvement of the per capita funding system for secondary vocational schools. Provinces that have not yet established an appropriation system should be introduced before the end of 2016. Provinces that have established an appropriation system should further improve relevant policies and measures, continuously improve the input level, and gradually establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism for the per capita appropriation standard. State-owned enterprises holding secondary vocational schools can refer to the per capita funding standards of public secondary vocational schools where the schools are located, and establish and improve the per capita funding system of their secondary vocational schools.

　　(2) Strengthen overall planning at the provincial level. Provincial education, human resources, social security and finance departments should further plan the allocation of secondary vocational education resources in the region and optimize the layout of secondary vocational schools. On this basis, establish and improve the per capita funding system for secondary vocational schools in the province, clarify the responsibility of sharing funds, increase the transfer payment to difficult areas within the jurisdiction, urge and guide the cities and counties that host secondary vocational schools, and implement the funds needed for per capita funding. Strengthen the management and support of private secondary vocational schools, formulate and improve relevant policies, and explore ways to encourage social forces to participate in organizing secondary vocational education through government subsidies and purchasing services, so as to promote the development of private secondary vocational education.

　　(3) Promoting reform and innovation. All localities should actively promote secondary vocational schools to change their school-running concepts, reasonably determine their school-running orientation, adjust and set up their majors, strengthen connotation construction, reform the talent training mode, actively promote the institutionalization and institutionalization of school-enterprise cooperation, and put the concept of integration of production and education into all aspects of talent training, so as to vigorously promote the reform and innovation of secondary vocational education.

　　(4) Conduct performance evaluation. All localities should actively explore the establishment of performance evaluation mechanism for the use of funds in secondary vocational education, formulate performance evaluation management methods, scientifically and rationally design evaluation index system, carry out performance evaluation work in a down-to-earth manner, make full use of evaluation results, adjust and improve policies and measures to support the reform and development of secondary vocational schools, and continuously improve the performance of fund use.

　　(5) Strengthen management and supervision. All localities should give full play to the role of modern information technology, further strengthen basic management, and ensure that the information such as the number of students is true and accurate. It is necessary to strengthen the management, supervision and inspection of the use of funds for secondary vocational education, urge subordinate secondary vocational schools to strictly implement the financial system of primary and secondary schools and the accounting system of primary and secondary schools, improve the management system for the use of funds, strengthen budget constraints, increase information disclosure, and actively cooperate with auditing and supervision departments to carry out relevant inspections.

　　CC: Offices of the Financial Ombudsman of the Ministry of Finance in all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities under separate state planning.

　　The previous post is incorrect, and this article shall prevail.