月度归档： 2025 年 4 月

　　Mr. Yan invited Mr. Fan, a "little boy", to his home for dinner and drinking. As a result, Mr. Fan, who suffered from coronary heart disease and hypertension, died suddenly after drinking. Mr. Fan’s family believed that Mr. Yan failed to fulfill his duty of care and attention after Mr. Fan drank, and sued Mr. Yan for compensation. After hearing the case, the Xicheng court found that Mr. Fan still often dined and drank with friends when he was ill, and should be mainly responsible for his sudden death. However, Mr. Yan knew that his friend was ill, failed to fulfill his duty of care, failed to give assistance at the best time, and there was a certain fault. He ordered Mr. Yan to compensate Mr. Fan’s family for more than 75,000 yuan according to the 5% responsibility ratio.

　　Friends get together and die suddenly after drinking

　　On April 13th last year, Mr Yan invited Mr Fan to his home for dinner. Mr. Yan said that during the meal, Mr. Fan drank two or two pieces of yellow rice wine first, Mr. Yan drank half a catty of Erguotou, and then the two began to drink beer. Mr. Fan drank three bottles at most. After dinner, the two men rested in Yan’s house. After sleeping for a while, when Mr. Yan got up and went to the toilet, he found that Mr. Fan did not respond. He quickly dialed 120 and called the police. When the emergency personnel arrived at the scene, they confirmed that Mr. Fan had died.

　　After identification, the alcohol content in Mr. Fan’s heart blood was 90mg/100ml, and his death was due to sudden death after drinking.

　　According to medical common sense, the amount of acute alcoholism is generally 70 to 80 grams, and the lethal dose is 250 to 500 grams. Mr. Fan’s blood alcohol concentration is slightly higher than the drunk index, which should not be enough to reach the lethal level. However, Mr. Fan has a history of coronary heart disease for 6 years, hypertension for more than 10 years, cerebral infarction for 22 years, hyperlipidemia and fatty liver. For patients with hypertension, hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease, sudden death may indeed occur after drinking. As a friend, Mr. Yan also knows that Mr. Fan has a bad heart and has fainted twice.

　　Family members claim to court.

　　Mr. Fan’s family sued Mr. Yan to the court, arguing that Mr. Yan was at fault for letting him drink yellow wine and beer knowing that Mr. Fan was in poor health. In addition, Mr. Fan was not sent to the hospital in time, which led to his final death. The family asked Mr. Yan to compensate according to the 60% responsibility ratio.

　　In court, Mr. Yan said that after drinking, Mr. Fan was conscious and had no discomfort. After discovering that Mr. Fan was wrong, he called 120 in time and called the police. There was no fault in Mr. Fan’s death.

　　The hostess is responsible for 5%

　　The court held that according to the alcohol concentration in Mr. Fan’s blood and the existing evidence, Mr. Yan did not actively persuade Mr. Fan to drink too much during the drinking process. While Mr. Fan knew that he was suffering from hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease and other diseases, he still often dined and drank with friends. On the day of the incident, he failed to control the amount of drinking, paid close attention to his physical changes, and eventually died suddenly. He should bear the main responsibility.

　　For Mr. Yan, knowing that his friend suffers from coronary heart disease and high blood pressure and is not suitable for drinking too much, he still invites Mr. Fan to his home to provide drinks and meals. Mr. Yan should have a higher duty of care in the process of drinking. Not only should we not actively persuade people to drink, but we should also remind and dissuade Mr. Fan appropriately, but Mr. Yan failed to fulfill the above duty of care and was at fault. Moreover, Mr. Yan drank half a catty of white wine and beer by himself, which led to his inability to maintain a high degree of clear consciousness, so that Mr. Fan failed to rescue him at the best time when he was unwell, and Mr. Yan was also at fault.

　　Therefore, the court held that Mr. Yan was at fault for Mr. Fan’s death, and decided that the proportion of his responsibility was 5%, and sentenced Mr. Yan to compensate Mr. Fan’s family for death compensation, funeral expenses and spiritual damages totaling more than 75,000 yuan. (Reporter Sun Ying)

　　The "Decision" of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee is a programmatic document guiding China to further comprehensively deepen reform in the new journey. In order to better understand and grasp the "seven focuses" reform goals put forward in the Decision, Xinhuanet Sike launched a series of "Interpretation of the Spirit of the Third Plenary Session by Party School Experts" to deeply explore the spiritual essence and reform requirements of further comprehensive deepening reform. The "Decision" proposes to focus on building a socialist cultural power. Wang Xuebin, a professor of literature and history teaching and research department of the Central Party School (National School of Administration), made an in-depth analysis of this issue.

On June 5, 2019, people took part in the dragon boat parade on Jinjiang River in Bijiang District, tongren city, Guizhou Province, to welcome the arrival of the Dragon Boat Festival (photo of drone). Xinhua News Agency (photo by Wu Weidong)

　　Xinhuanet Thinker: What is the significance of building a socialist cultural power for national development and national rejuvenation?

　　Wang Xuebin:The Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform and Promoting Chinese Modernization adopted by the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee (hereinafter referred to as the Decision) focuses on building a strong socialist cultural country, and puts forward the goal of deepening reform in the cultural field at present and in the future. This deployment embodies the characteristics of highlighting the goal and giving consideration to all parties, combining the total score and advancing as one.

　　Building a socialist cultural power is an important foundation and prerequisite for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has raised cultural construction to a new historical height, courageously explored and steadily advanced, greatly enhancing the cultural creativity of the whole nation and enhancing its cultural self-confidence. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the goal and task of building a strong cultural country and significantly enhancing the country’s cultural soft power by 2035, and made major arrangements to promote cultural self-confidence and self-improvement and create new glories of socialist culture. The specific arrangements made in the Decision of the Third Plenary Session around the construction of a cultural power can be described as timely.

　　Culture plays an increasingly important role in the process of Chinese modernization. In the new stage of development, culture is an important content to promote the overall layout of "five in one" and the strategic layout of "four comprehensive" in a coordinated way. We must put cultural construction in a prominent position in the overall work and more consciously use culture to lead the fashion, educate the people, serve the society and promote development.

On January 2, 2021, readers read books in a library in Shaoyang City, Hunan Province. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Ceng Yong)

　　To implement the new development concept, build a new development pattern and promote high-quality development, culture is an important fulcrum. We must further develop and expand the cultural industry, strengthen cultural empowerment, and give full play to the role of culture in activating development momentum, improving development quality and promoting the optimization and upgrading of economic structure; Culture is an important factor to adapt to the historical changes of the main social contradictions in our country, meet the people’s growing needs for a better life and promote their all-round development. We must deepen the reform of the cultural system, expand the supply of high-quality culture, and let the people enjoy a richer, richer and higher-quality spiritual and cultural life. To meet the new wave of scientific and technological revolution and promote the development of quality change, efficiency change and power change, culture is an important field. We must accelerate the deep integration of culture and science and technology, better build advanced socialist culture with advanced and applicable technologies, reshape the mode of cultural production and communication, and seize the commanding heights of cultural innovation and development; Culture is an important soft power to cope with the unprecedented changes in the world, resolve new contradictions, meet new challenges and form new advantages in the complicated international environment. We must strengthen our strategic strength and tell the story of China well, so as to provide lasting and profound spiritual motivation for building a community of human destiny. Undoubtedly, all these tasks need to be gradually enhanced and finally realized by building a cultural power.

　　Xinhuanet Thinker: Why should we emphasize the fundamental system of adhering to the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field in building a socialist cultural power? 　

　　Wang Xuebin:Ideological work is an extremely important work of the party, and it is a work for the country and the nation. At present, there are many challenges in the ideological field. Without a strong cohesive and leading socialist ideology, other reforms and constructions in the cultural field are out of the question, which will even affect the overall strategic situation of Chinese modernization. Therefore, we must adhere to the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field, improve the ideological work responsibility system, continue to innovate the Marxist theoretical research and construction project, implement the innovation project of philosophy and social sciences, accelerate the construction of the discipline system, academic system and discourse system of philosophy and social sciences with China characteristics, and cultivate and expand the talent team of philosophy and social sciences. Vigorously promote the systematic reform of mainstream media, improve the public opinion guidance mechanism and public opinion response coordination mechanism; Continue to promote the normalization and institutionalization of ideal and belief education, and improve the institutional mechanism for cultivating and practicing socialist core values.

　　Xinhuanet Thinker: The "Decision" of the Third Plenary Session put forward that "the system and mechanism for the development of cultural undertakings and cultural industries should be improved". What aspects do you need to exert?

　　Wang Xuebin:The high-quality completion of a strong socialist cultural country is inseparable from the prosperity and development of cultural undertakings and cultural industries. After more than ten years of hard exploration, the reform of China’s cultural system has achieved fruitful results, and at the same time, new problems arising in the development process need to be dealt with and solved in time. The "Decision" takes deepening mechanism reform as the focus of reform in this field, and puts forward "optimizing the supply mechanism of cultural services and cultural products" and "establishing a mechanism for direct access to high-quality cultural resources", which is not only conducive to solving the outstanding problem of insufficient imbalance in cultural development in various regions, but also complementary to the deployment of urban-rural integration development; It puts forward "deepening the reform of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises in the cultural field, and promoting the internal reform of cultural institutions by classification", focusing on the blocking points, difficulties and pain points of relevant units and institutions at present, and pointing out the direction of future breakthroughs.

On November 22, 2022, tourists visited the farmers’ painting exhibition hall in Linglong Bay, Shengfeng Village, Youchegang Town, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Yushe

　　Specifically, it is necessary to improve the level of public cultural services. We will fully prosper the press and publication, radio, film and television, literature and art, philosophy and social sciences. We will implement projects to improve the quality of literary and artistic works, promote the deep integration of media, promote the integration of urban and rural public cultural service systems, strengthen the construction of major national cultural facilities and cultural projects, and inherit and carry forward China’s excellent traditional culture.

　　At the same time, we should improve the modern cultural industry system. Adhere to the social benefits in the first place, social benefits and economic benefits are unified, deepen the reform of cultural system, improve cultural industry planning and policies, strengthen the construction of cultural market system, and expand the supply of high-quality cultural products. Implement the digital strategy of cultural industry, standardize the development of cultural industrial parks, and promote the integrated development of culture and tourism.

　　Xinhuanet Thinker: How to grasp the specific deployment of "promoting cultural prosperity and enriching people’s spiritual and cultural life" in the Decision?

　　Wang Xuebin:To build a strong socialist cultural country, we must always adhere to the direction of advanced socialist culture. To measure the quality and level of cultural prosperity, the most important thing is not to look at economic benefits, but to see whether we can provide more cultural products that can meet people’s cultural needs and enhance people’s spiritual strength.

　　The "Decision" clearly stated that "the people-centered creative orientation should be adhered to, the combination of achievements and talents, the integration of grasping works and grasping the environment should be adhered to, and the working mechanism of service, guidance and organization of literary and artistic creation should be improved", which is in line with the fundamental purpose of socialist literary and artistic work and the needs of current literary and artistic talent training and creative mechanism reform. It is put forward that "the coordination organization of cultural heritage protection and inheritance should be established, the supervision system of cultural heritage protection should be established, and the systematic protection and unified supervision of cultural heritage should be promoted", which conforms to the general trend of promoting the in-depth development of cultural heritage protection and inheritance; Emphasis is placed on "improving the system and mechanism for the deep integration of culture and tourism", which shows that with the vigorous development of "building tourism with literature and displaying literature with tourism", it is urgent to standardize and guarantee the system and mechanism.

This is a cultural relic excavated from Liangzhu Site exhibited in Liangzhu Museum (photo taken on April 18th, 2024). Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Yushe

　　To sum up, many measures are aimed at improving the civilization level of the whole society, which is a very comprehensive goal. In the future, it should run through the three levels of the country, society and the public, and make efforts to improve the civilized quality of citizens, cultivate good social customs and enhance the quality of public civilization.

　　Xinhuanet Thinker: "Building a more effective international communication system", what aspects can we focus on?

　　Wang Xuebin:Based on a new historical starting point, and constantly improving the national cultural soft power, it is necessary to make Chinese culture and the values it contains go to the world, and run through all aspects of international communication and dissemination, so as to enhance the international community’s knowledge and understanding of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. The "Decision" pointed out that "building a more effective international communication system" focuses on promoting the reconstruction of the international communication pattern, deepening the reform and innovation of the international communication mechanism of mainstream media, and accelerating the construction of a multi-channel and three-dimensional external communication pattern; At the same time, accelerate the construction of China discourse and China narrative system, and comprehensively improve the efficiency of international communication. In addition, we need to build a practice mechanism of global civilization initiative, expand international humanities exchanges and cooperation, build a global civilization dialogue and cooperation network, enrich cultural exchange content and expand cooperation channels.

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Standardized system, continuous improvement of quality supply, continuous increase of diagnosis and treatment services and accelerated optimization.
China’s medical technology and medical quality have improved significantly.

Recently, The Lancet, an international authoritative medical journal, published the latest ranking of global medical quality and accessibility. China’s HAQ (medical quality and accessibility) ranking has increased from the 60th in the world in 2015 to the 48th in 2016, and it is one of the most advanced countries in the medium SDI (socio-demographic index).

The ability of medical technology and the level of medical quality are directly related to the people’s sense of acquisition and are an important guarantee for people’s health. In recent years, the National Health and Wellness Committee has always regarded improving the medical technical ability and medical quality level as a key task, strengthened industry management and policy guarantee, and China’s medical technical ability and medical quality level have been continuously improved.

Institutionalization and standardization

Make medical care safer and more convenient.

"The Measures for the Management of Medical Quality promulgated and implemented in the form of departmental regulations provide institutional guarantee for the management of medical quality in China." A few days ago, Guo Yanhong, deputy director of the Medical Administration and Hospital Authority of the National Health and Wellness Committee, told the reporter that through continuous improvement of the medical quality management and clinical diagnosis and treatment related normative system, it has covered the clinical pathways of 1212 diseases in more than 30 majors and the clinical application management norms of key medical technologies.

Since the promulgation of China’s "Blood Donation Law" for 20 years, the rate of unpaid blood donation has continued to rise. In 2015, the central government funded the full coverage of blood nucleic acid testing nationwide, which greatly shortened the monitoring window period of blood-borne diseases such as AIDS and further improved the blood safety level.

It is understood that in 2017, China’s medical quality showed a trend of "four liters and one drop"-the supply of medical resources continued to increase, the efficiency of medical services improved, the quality of some specialties, key diseases and surgical diagnosis and treatment increased steadily, and the level of clinical rational drug use continued to improve, and the mortality rate of hospitalized patients continued to decline and stabilized at a low level.

According to the latest World Health Statistics 2018 released by the World Health Organization, China’s healthy life expectancy at birth exceeds that of the United States for the first time.

Moreover, in recent years, with the deepening of the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform, the supply-side structural reform in the field of medical services has been accelerated. By the end of 2017, there were 987,000 medical and health institutions in China, with 3.386 million doctors and 3.8 million nurses. With the steady growth of the registration number of medical institutions, doctors and nurses, the existing registration management model needs to be reformed urgently.

In order to promote the informatization construction of medical service management and practice supervision, National Health Commission initiated the reform of electronic registration management of medical institutions, doctors and nurses. Applicants for registration of medical institutions, doctors and nurses submit registration application materials to the health administrative department through the Internet, and the acceptance, review, certification, archiving and inquiry are all completed online.

The medical service informatization measures being promoted in various places have given patients more sense of gain. Taking Beijing as an example, municipal hospitals uniformly issue Beijing Medical Card for non-medical insurance patients, and patients can handle the whole process of medical services such as appointment registration with a Beijing Medical Card.

Specialized refinement

Make medical care more quality.

At 14: 00 on May 23rd, a message appeared on the WeChat platform of the multidisciplinary team of the Trauma Treatment Center of Peking University People’s Hospital: "Boy, 6 years old, car accident, traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, lung contusion, respiratory distress …" "Severe trauma first aid mechanism" was launched immediately, and relevant departments immediately entered the state of "preparing for war".

This is a 6-year-old boy from Cangzhou, Hebei Province, who was injured by a speeding motorcycle. The local hospital diagnosed him with severe multiple injuries and decided to transfer him to Peking University People’s Hospital for treatment. The 999 emergency center sent the children to Peking University People’s Hospital by aviation medical rescue helicopter. Multi-disciplinary expert emergency teams, such as trauma orthopedics, emergency department and neurosurgery, have already been waiting in the emergency room. The expert team will evaluate and consult the injury together and make a treatment plan. The Beijing-Hebei relay for life Tournament ended with the safe discharge of children.

The "closed-loop regional trauma treatment system with general hospitals as the core" led by Peking University People’s Hospital has effectively improved the treatment rate of patients with severe trauma. This innovative medical service model is benefiting more patients and is recognized as the "China model" for trauma treatment by peers at home and abroad.

"At present, China has produced a number of superior medical technologies that have reached or led the international advanced level and have a demonstration and driving role in the international arena, which has promoted the improvement of China’s ability to diagnose and treat major diseases." Guo Yanhong said that the ventricular assist device independently developed by Fuwai Hospital of China Academy of Medical Sciences has filled the technical gap in the field of ventricular assist research and development in China; The related research results of Renji Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University on gastrointestinal vascular diseases became the only basis for the relevant guidelines of the American Gastroenterology Association in 2015.

According to statistics, in 2017, China completed more than 16,000 organ transplants, accounting for 12.3% of the total organ transplants in the world in 2017, ranking second in the world. Quality indicators such as the survival rate of transplant recipients are also among the highest in the world.

The obvious improvement of medical institutions’ diagnosis and treatment ability is inseparable from the establishment and improvement of the national medical quality management and control system. At present, China has gradually improved the quality control organization system at the national, provincial and municipal levels. At the national level, 35 quality control centers have been established for disciplines such as anesthesia, pathology, clinical examination and nursing, and key diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, nervous system diseases and tumors. Provincial health administrative departments have also set up provincial quality control centers for related majors, and promoted the vertical extension of quality control organizations for key specialties such as hospital sensation and nursing to districts and counties.

Promoting continuous improvement of medical quality and safety through publicity

"Since 2015, we have organized and compiled the National Medical Service and Quality and Safety Report for three consecutive years, in which the 2015 and 2016 annual reports were released in the industry, and the 2017 annual report will be released to the whole society in the near future." Guo Yanhong introduced.

It is understood that the 2017 annual report covers the medical data of 107 million inpatients in nearly 7,000 medical institutions, and the data volume is 4.9 times higher than that in 2015 and 1.3 times higher than that in 2016. The number of inpatients sampled reached about 61% of inpatients in hospitals nationwide in 2016, which provided an important data base for scientifically and objectively reflecting the medical quality and safety situation in China.

Guo Yanhong said that the report comprehensively and objectively shows the current situation and status quo of medical services and quality and safety in China, and strengthens comparative analysis among regions, providing evidence-based basis for promoting the continuous improvement of medical services and quality and safety, as well as policy formulation and strengthening management.

"At present, there is still a certain gap between the ability and quality of medical technology in China and the growing health needs of the people; Due to the unbalanced economic and social development between regions, the differences in medical technology level and quality and safety between different regions still exist. " Guo Yanhong said that in the next step, the National Health and Health Commission will continue to take expanding the supply of high-quality medical resources, improving medical technology capabilities and promoting the continuous improvement of medical quality as its core tasks, increase counterpart support and assistance to provinces and provinces in the central and western regions, continuously improve the national medical quality management and control system, promote the wider application of modern medical technology in clinic, and continuously improve the scientific and refined level of medical quality and safety supervision. (Reporter Li Wanxiang)