Original title: Guangxi CDC issued a health reminder in September to prevent diseases such as dengue fever and hand, foot and mouth disease.
    Pay attention to personal hygiene, do not pick or eat wild mushrooms.
    On September 5th, Guangxi CDC issued the September Health Reminder, telling the public to take precautions against dengue fever, monkeypox, hand-foot-mouth disease, other infectious diarrhea caused by norovirus, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, imported malaria, novel coronavirus infection and other infectious diseases, as well as food poisoning. The doctor reminded us to pay attention to personal hygiene and do a good job in self-health monitoring.
   ● Dengue fever removes stagnant water to prevent Aedes mosquitoes from breeding.
    Song Xiaoling, a member of the expert group on medical treatment of infectious diseases in Nanning and director of pediatrics of the Fourth Municipal Hospital, said that dengue fever is an acute insect-borne infectious disease and a Class B infectious disease stipulated by China’s Infectious Diseases Law. There are two epidemic situations of dengue fever: local epidemic and imported epidemic.
    At present, the main vector of dengue fever is Aedes albopictus. The virus is transmitted to humans through mosquito bites. Mosquitoes usually get infected when they suck the blood of infected people. Infected mosquitoes can spread the virus all their lives, and a few can pass the virus to their offspring through eggs.
    "The incubation period of dengue fever is generally 3 to 14 days, and most of them are 5 to 8 days. Patients and recessive infected people are the main sources of infection, and patients are contagious from 1 day before onset to 5 days after onset. " Song Xiaoling said that when a sudden high fever rises to 39~40℃ within a day or two, accompanied by symptoms such as measles and hemorrhagic rash, it is necessary to consider whether you are infected with dengue fever and go to the hospital in time.
    The best way to prevent dengue fever is to remove stagnant water, prevent Aedes mosquitoes from breeding and avoid being bitten by mosquitoes.
    Song Xiaoling suggested that citizens should wear light-colored long-sleeved clothes and trousers when going out in the environment with deep grass and dense forests, and apply mosquito repellent or mosquito repellent drugs on exposed skin and clothes as much as possible; Try to avoid staying in the shade, grass and other outdoor darkness for a long time during the frequent occurrence of "spotted mosquitoes". At the same time, do a good job in cleaning the family environment.
   ● Hand-foot-mouth disease mostly occurs in infants under 5 years old.
    Hand, foot and mouth disease is an infectious disease caused by enterovirus, which mostly occurs in infants under 5 years old. It is mainly transmitted through fecal-oral route, followed by respiratory droplets.
    Nanning Maternal and Child Health Hospital is a designated treatment institution for severe hand, foot and mouth disease in Nanning. Based on the detection of coxsackie virus A16 RNA, enterovirus universal RNA and other commonly used viral nucleic acids, the hospital introduced a rapid detection of EV71-lgM antibody against hand, foot and mouth disease, and the results were obtained within one hour.
    Yan Yunying, director of pediatrics at Nanning Maternal and Child Health Hospital, said that according to clinical monitoring data, the number of cases of hand, foot and mouth disease has increased recently. There are more than 20 types of enteroviruses that cause hand, foot and mouth disease. Coxsackievirus A, Coxsackievirus A, Coxsackievirus B and Coxsackievirus 71 are the common pathogens of hand, foot and mouth disease, among which Coxsackievirus A16 (CoxA16) and Coxsackievirus 71 (EV71) are the most common.
    Doctors reminded that vaccination with EV71 vaccine can prevent hand, foot and mouth disease caused by EV71 virus and reduce the occurrence of severe cases and deaths.
    Pay attention to hand hygiene, especially wash your hands before touching your mouth and nose, before and after meals, after changing diapers or handling items contaminated by feces.
    Pay attention to environmental hygiene. Open the window regularly every day for ventilation, do a good job of cleaning and disinfection, clean the home environment regularly, especially clean and disinfect children’s tableware, clothes, toys and other items, and wipe and disinfect the surfaces of objects such as the floor, desktop, door handle and bed fence at home.
    Try to avoid taking children to places where people gather and the air circulation is poor.
    Parents should pay more attention to the health status of young children, and go to the medical institution for treatment in time in case of fever, rash (especially perianal rash) or oral herpes.
   ● Monkeypox is mainly transmitted through men who have sex with men.
    Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease caused by monkeypox virus infection, and people are generally susceptible. It is mainly spread through close contact with monkeypox cases, and articles contaminated with virus may also be infected with the virus.
    The main clinical manifestations are fever, rash and lymphadenopathy. Most cases have mild clinical symptoms, and the death cases are mainly people with low immunity such as untreated HIV-infected people.
    Since May 2022, the monkeypox epidemic has spread to many countries. Since June 2023, many provinces in China have reported the epidemic situation of monkeypox, which is mainly spread by men who have sex with men. Men who have sex with men are the key groups infected with monkeypox. Recently, some areas in Guangxi have reported the epidemic situation of monkeypox among men who have sex with men.
    Disease control experts reminded that key populations should strengthen self-protection, reduce high-risk behaviors, avoid close contact with people with suspected monkeypox symptoms, and do not share clothes, bedding and other daily necessities of suspected cases. Self-health monitoring should be done if there is a history of suspicious contact; Entry-exit personnel should pay attention to the information of monkeypox epidemic situation in destination countries and regions, and do not contact people with monkeypox-like symptoms, rodents, primates and other animals.
   ● Imported malaria Try to wear long trousers outdoors.
    Malaria is a blood parasitic disease caused by the bite of Anopheles mosquitoes, which is also called "cold fever", "malaria" and "malaria". Africa and Southeast Asia are highly endemic areas of malaria.
    Disease control experts remind you to do personal protection, especially outdoors, and try to wear protective clothes, such as long sleeves and trousers. Exposed skin can be coated with mosquito repellent. Pay attention to environmental sanitation, remove garbage, weeds, fill sewage pits, and do a good job in mosquito control.
    Before going abroad, you should know the epidemic situation of malaria and other diseases in the destination and make personal protection preparations; After returning from Africa, Central and South America and Southeast Asian countries, if you have symptoms such as chills, fever, sweating and fatigue, you should go to a regular hospital as soon as possible and take the initiative to inform you of your living history.
   Norovirus does not eat half-baked sea (water) products.
    Norovirus is an acute intestinal infectious disease, which has the characteristics of acute onset, rapid spread and wide coverage. It is mainly spread through food and water contaminated by patients’ feces, or through close contact. The epidemic situation mostly occurs in schools, kindergartens, nursing homes and other places where people gather. The most common symptoms are diarrhea, vomiting and nausea.
    Disease control experts remind people to pay attention to personal hygiene and wash their hands frequently, especially before and after meals and before food processing.
    Food should be fully heated before eating, tableware should be disinfected regularly, and eating out should try not to eat half-baked sea (water) products.
    After the ground or objects are polluted by patients’ vomit or excrement, the pollutants should be cleaned and disinfected immediately under the premise of personal protection.
   ● Don’t rub your eyes with dirty hands for acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis.
    Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, commonly known as "pink eye", is a highly contagious acute eye disease caused by enterovirus. Through contact, eye-hand-eye is the main route of transmission. The clinical manifestations are tingling, gritty foreign body sensation, burning sensation, photophobia, tears, eyelid edema and high congestion of eyelid and bulbar conjunctiva.
    Ophthalmologists remind us to pay attention to personal hand hygiene and eye hygiene, wash our hands often with soap, try not to rub our eyes with dirty hands, and develop the hygienic habit of dividing towels and basins.
    Strengthen the sanitary management and supervision of swimming pools, baths, barber shops and hotels.
    If there are patients with infectious acute conjunctivitis at home, their daily necessities such as towels and washbasins should be disinfected. Do not share towels, bath towels, eye cosmetics or personal eye care products.
   ● novel coronavirus should still adhere to personal protection when it infects the public.
    At present, the overall prevalence of infection in novel coronavirus is at a low level. The public should still adhere to personal protection and be the first person responsible for their own health.
    Please complete the vaccination as soon as possible for those who meet the requirements but have not been vaccinated, have not been vaccinated in the whole process and have not been vaccinated, especially for the elderly over 60 years old.
    Wear a mask scientifically and regularly, wash your hands frequently, often ventilate, cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, and try to avoid contact with fever personnel.
    Eat a healthy diet, quit smoking and limit alcohol, work and rest regularly, ensure adequate sleep, and exercise moderately according to your own situation.
    The elderly, children, key people with chronic diseases and pregnant women should stay away from people with fever and cough symptoms, do a good job in health monitoring, and seek medical advice in time if they have fever and other discomfort; Wear masks during the whole process of medical treatment, and try to avoid taking public transport.
   ● Prevent food poisoning and do not pick edible wild mushrooms.
    Continuous high temperature creates suitable conditions for bacterial proliferation, food is easy to rot and deteriorate, and the risk of microbial food poisoning increases. In addition, September is still the peak season for the growth of all kinds of wild mushrooms in Guangxi, and with abundant rain, poisonous mushroom poisoning incidents are prone to occur.
    Deng Shangqin, a health science expert in Guangxi and director of the dog injury clinic of the Fourth Hospital of the City, reminded not to deliberately purchase fresh rare mushrooms or mushrooms that are unknown or claimed to be new products. Parents should remind their children not to pick when they take them to play in the grass and Woods, in case the children grab something to eat or eat their hands without washing their hands after picking, resulting in poisoning due to mushroom poison on their hands. "Some poisonous mushrooms are very toxic. After picking, they are unintentionally crushed, and the oozing poisonous juice touches the hands. A few milligrams of mushroom toxin may lead to acute poisoning and even death." (Reporter Ye Wei)
